// FAQ

Frequently asked.

Everything about UEFI BIOS modding, firmware analysis, risks and platform features. Click a question to expand, or jump straight to a topic.

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// 01 · Basics

01What is BIOS modding?

1.1 What is BIOS / UEFI modding? +

Modern motherboards store hundreds to thousands of settings in the UEFI firmware. Of those, typically only 5–20 % are visible in the BIOS setup menu — the rest is intentionally hidden by the manufacturer.

BIOS modding means making these hidden settings visible and changeable without modifying the BIOS itself. The settings are stored in NVRAM (non-volatile RAM) on the motherboard.

Important: We do NOT modify the BIOS itself (ROM code), only the values in NVRAM — comparable to changing a setting in the regular BIOS menu.
1.2 Which motherboards and CPUs are supported? +

The platform supports all UEFI-based motherboards with AMI Aptio V BIOS.

AMD
  • Ryzen AM4 (X370–X570, B350–B550) and AM5 (X670E–X870E, B650–B850)
  • AGESA version, SMU firmware, PSP inventory, VBIOS extraction and OC unlock
Intel
  • Core 4th Gen through 15th Gen (Haswell to Arrow Lake)
  • CSME version, FSP version, FIT parser, VBT, Boot Guard
  • Sockets: LGA1150 to LGA1851
Insyde / Phoenix
  • BIOSes with Insyde H2O (laptops) are analyzed, but setup_var.efi does not work there
  • Insyde needs RU.efi, Phoenix needs H2OUVE
1.3 What is IFR (Internal Forms Representation)? +

IFR is a binary format describing how the BIOS setup menu is structured. Each setting has:

  • VarStore + offset — where the value is located in NVRAM (e.g. CpuSetup:0x0043)
  • Type — checkbox, dropdown (One-Of), numeric
  • Options — possible values (e.g. 0x00 = Disabled, 0x01 = Enabled)
  • FlagsSUPPRESS_IF (hidden), GRAYOUT_IF (grayed out)

An AMD AM5 board exposes more than 3,000 settings, an Intel Z890 board up to 9,500+.

// 02 · Workflow

02From upload to modification.

2.1 How does the modding workflow work? +
A
Upload ROM
Upload BIOS ROM (.ROM, .BIN, .CAP, .ZIP). The analyzer extracts settings, firmware versions and creates a USB kit.
B
Prepare USB kit
Generated kit (verify.nsh + startup.nsh) to FAT32 USB stick. Plus Shell_Full.efi and setup_var.efi.
C
Verify hardware
Run verify.nsh in the UEFI shell. Only reads, changes nothing, produces report.txt to upload.
D
Modify
Assemble changes in the simulator, export as modify_bios.nsh, run in the UEFI shell.

All changes are reversible via CMOS reset.

2.2 What is setup_var.efi? +

setup_var.efi is a UEFI shell tool that reads and writes individual bytes in NVRAM:

# READ: setup_var.efi CpuSetup:0x0043 → CpuSetup:0x43=0x01 # CFG Lock enabled # WRITE: setup_var.efi CpuSetup:0x0043 0x00 → CpuSetup:0x43=0x00 # CFG Lock disabled
AMI Aptio V only: setup_var.efi works exclusively with AMI Aptio V BIOSes. For Insyde H2O you need RU.efi, for Phoenix H2OUVE.
2.3 What do the risk levels mean? +
Safe
Safe
Boot logo, fan mode, USB options, Secure Boot, VT-d
Med
Medium
C-States, SpeedStep, Package C-State, Resize BAR
High
High
Voltages, ratio limits, power limits, PBO Manual
Crit
Critical
CFG Lock, disabling microcode, disabling ME, flash protection

The risk rating is a recommendation — the higher the level, the more likely a wrong change can cause boot problems.

2.4 Why NVRAM modding instead of ROM patching? +
NVRAM modding (our approach)
  • ROM signature stays intact
  • Boot Guard happy
  • Reversible via CMOS reset
  • No flash tool needed
  • No brick risk
ROM patching (traditional)
  • Signature broken
  • Boot Guard error
  • Only reversible via re-flash
  • Brick possible on error

Boot Guard (hardware-fused) blocks ROM patches, but not NVRAM changes.

2.5 What to do if the system no longer boots? +
  • 1. CMOS reset — remove motherboard battery for 30 seconds or use the Clear CMOS button.
  • 2. BIOS recovery — ASRock Instant Flash, ASUS FlashBack, MSI Flash BIOS Button, Gigabyte Q-Flash Plus.
  • 3. Dual BIOS — Gigabyte boards have two BIOS chips as automatic fallback.
Bottom line: CMOS reset solves almost all problems. NVRAM changes cannot permanently damage the board.
// 03 · Firmware analysis

03What the pipeline extracts.

3.1 Which firmware versions are extracted? +

A modern BIOS ROM contains 10+ different firmware components:

AMD
  • AGESA version, SMU firmware (Raphael, Phoenix, Granite Ridge, Krackan Point)
  • PSP inventory (54+ modules)
  • ATOMBIOS / VBIOS, microcode patches
Intel
  • CSME version, FSP, FIT, VBT, GOP driver
  • Boot Guard + ACM status, Thunderbolt / VMD detection
Both
  • Microcode revisions with CPUID mapping
  • Build date, ROM size, PFAT / DualBIOS detection
3.2 What is the Firmware Dashboard? +

The Firmware Dashboard compares AMD and Intel firmware versions with a toggle between the platforms: AGESA / CSME timeline, changelog, vendor matrix and settings diff between versions.

3.3 What is Intel CSME and why does it matter? +

The CSME (Converged Security and Management Engine) is a standalone processor in the chipset that handles Secure Boot, Boot Guard, TPM and hardware initialization.

The CSME version is security-relevant — older versions have known vulnerabilities (e.g. SA-00086).

Note: CSME can NOT be modified via NVRAM modding — it is a standalone processor with its own firmware partition.
// 04 · Platform features

04What the platform can do.

4.1 What is the Personal Dashboard? +

The Dashboard is the home page for logged-in users. For each uploaded BIOS:

  • Donut chart — visible vs. hidden settings
  • AI analysis — on-demand forensics report (Claude API)
  • NSH workshop — OC unlock script or simulator
  • Badge center — forum signature (dark / light / compact)
  • Version comparison — settings between BIOS versions
4.2 What does the AI analysis do? +

The AI analysis uses the Claude API to forensically assess the analyzed BIOS:

  • Overview — security rating (1–5), platform type, summary
  • Findings — up to 8 findings sorted by relevance with evidence references
  • Recommendations — up to 5 concrete recommendations with setup_var.efi commands
  • Deep dive — topic buttons (OC, security, memory, power, virt, boot)
4.3 What is OC Unlock? +

OC Unlock identifies hidden overclocking settings and generates an unlock script:

AMD
  • PBO / Boost Override, Curve Optimizer, EXPO / Memory OC
  • FCLK override, PPT / TDC / EDC limits, SoC / VDDG voltages
Intel
  • OC Locks, turbo ratios, ring ratio, BCLK override
  • Power limits (PL1 / PL2 / PL4), ICC Max, XMP profile
4.4 What is hardware verification? +

Hardware verification ensures the IFR analysis is correct:

  • 1. On upload a verify.nsh is generated that reads 6–20 probe settings
  • 2. The script is run on hardware in the UEFI shell
  • 3. The report.txt is uploaded. With > 50 % match the BIOS is considered verified
4.5 What is the BIOS Database? +

The Database shows all community-analyzed BIOSes by manufacturer. Each BIOS shows settings count, firmware versions, verification status and community mods.

4.6 What is the forum badge? +

For each BIOS a dynamic SVG badge is generated for forum signatures.

BB code (forums): [URL=https://bios-mod.online/bios.php?id=1][IMG]https://bios-mod.online/badge.php?id=1[/IMG][/URL]

Available in Dark, Light and Compact.

4.7 What are Community Mods? +

Registered users will be able to share mods in the future — tested setting changes for specific use cases (e.g. „CFG Lock disabled for Linux undervolting“).

Mods can be created via NSH upload or manually and rated by the community.

// 05 · Security & privacy

05What happens to the ROMs.

5.1 Is my BIOS data stored? +
  • ROM file — Stored in a protected directory (not publicly accessible) and can be deleted by the administrator.
  • IFR data — The extracted setting structures are stored in the database and publicly accessible through it.
  • No personal data — No serial numbers, OEM keys, MAC addresses or other identifying information.
  • No tracking — No third-party cookies, no Google Analytics. All data exclusively on servers in Germany.
// 06 · Technical details

06Under the hood.

6.1 Which BIOS formats are supported? +
  • AMI Aptio V — standard for desktop boards. Full support including setup_var.efi modding.
  • Insyde H2O — common in laptops. IFR analysis works, but setup_var.efi is not compatible.
  • PFAT — ASRock-specific with BIOS Guard blocks, automatically detected.
  • DualBIOS — Gigabyte 48–64 MB ROMs, primary region is automatically analyzed.
  • ZIP files — ROM files inside ZIPs are automatically extracted.
6.2 How does Multi-FormSet aggregation work? +

Traditional tools only find 500–1000 settings in the primary setup module. Our analyzer scans all 500+ FFS modules in the decompressed firmware volumes for IFR data and deduplicates by VarStore + offset + size.

Result: ASRock X870E Taichi rises from 500 to 3,208 settings, MSI Z890 Gaming Plus WiFi to 9,460 settings.

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